Water-Based Fire Suppression:

• Water Sprinkler Systems: Automatic fire sprinkler systems are common in buildings. They use pressurized water to extinguish or control fires when a fire is detected. Each sprinkler head operates independently, typically triggered by heat.

• Fire Hydrants: As mentioned earlier, fire hydrants provide a ready source of water for firefighting efforts, primarily for outdoor and municipal fire suppression.

Chemical-Based Fire Suppression:

• Fire Extinguishers: Portable fire extinguishers contain various fire-suppressing agents, such as water, foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide (CO2). These are used for small, localized fires.

Foam-Based Fire Suppression:

• Foam Systems: Foam fire suppression systems are commonly used to combat flammable liquid fires, such as those involving gasoline or oil. Foam forms a blanket over the liquid to suppress vapor and smother the fire.

Gas-Based Fire Suppression:

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2): CO2 systems displace oxygen in the air, effectively starving the fire of oxygen. They are used in places where water or foam could cause damage or where rapid fire suppression is essential.